Application is through the Economic and Social Research Council-funded Consumer Data Research Centre. You can contact the site by email at 'info {at} britishsurnames.co.uk', making the obvious changes to convert However, it is now the 40th most common surname in the UK. Those of higher social status often took surnames that are uncommon today; whereas people of lower social status often took what are today common surnames. Matronymic surnames are derived from the name of a female ancestor (usually the mother) and are uncommon in most parts of the world. Professor Longley said: "Along with providing a fascinating source of information for people wanting to trace their family roots, our study was aimed at understanding patterns of economic development, population movement and cultural identity. The Worldnames Public Profiler website contains a modern-day database of eight million different surnames from 26 countries across the world. A consultancy service provides downloadable classified lists or a software licence for single user computers. Prior to the launch, the largest mapping facility had been Public Profiler, a project headed by the University College London's Paul Longley, which covers 26 sovereign states. PSI Click-use licence number C2008002006. Surnames derived from the occupation of an ancestor are also common, with Smith being the most common surname in the UK. The 'Surname Profiler' project is part of the HEFCE funded 'Spatial Literacy in Teaching' (Splint) Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning (CETL), a joint research initiative by UCL, the University of Nottingham and the University of Leicester. Welcome to Surname Finder, online since 1998, providing easy access to free and commercial resources for 1,731,359 surnames. According to WorldNames public profiler, individuals with the Morales surname are most commonly found living in Spain and Argentina. (HTTP response code 503). The site also demonstrates how the most common British surnames are distributed across North America, Australia and New Zealand, providing a fascinating insight into migratory patterns. These cool last names range from unique and pretty to cute and fancy. If so, a new map tool can show you where to find them. The world family name mapping website uses many new and up to date sources to tell you where in the world people with your family name are found. These refine individual level estimates of most probable countries of origin using known inter-generational settlement histories. We typically provide a username and password for download of the software tailored to your requirements. This site was then rebuilt using data obtained from other To celebrate the launch, CASA is hosting a one-day conference for educators and postgraduates on 24 February 2006. Where the Washington Surname Is Found . We have developed four software tools that are honed for different types of applications. In September 2014 Forebears launched the first global surname mapping facility, covering 227 states and territories. (1) specifying the Onomap version you would like to use; and(2) briefly outlining your requirements in terms of numbers of records to be coded, period of licence required (the default is one year) and number of seats required. In time, it's hoped to restore the majority of these, but there are likely to be some areas where this is Last names came about gradually as populations grew to the point a single name was no longer a sufficient identifier. Knowing these tips for how to choose a cool last name can help you make the perfect first name and surname pairing. Unsurprisingly, my last name has the highest frequency per million people in. 8 million unique surnames and 5 million unique forenames are included. Surnames derived from a father's name are common, particularly in societies that were less developed when they adopted surnames. A consultancy service provides downloadable classified lists or software licenses for single user computers. We are leaders in training and research in spatial analysis. If you havesoftware download credentials, please enter your username and password here. The Onomap family of software tools is widely used in research for the classification of names. We can code files supplied in most formats. I have managed to obtain some data which allows the creation of Occupational names are sometimes modified. Unsurprisingly, my last name has the highest frequency per million people in Italy, Argentina (where there are many Italians), then the U.S. Public Profiler will also list top regions (for my name, Vermont first, then New York) and most common forenames (for my name, Lucia, then Paola, then James). The owner of this site is using Wordfence to manage access to their site. Grimbald (English: Henry son of Grimbald). Surnames developed from several sources. CDRC has also enabled mapping of the geography of genealogy. Simply type in a name, and the site show you on a map where the name is relatively common, and it will give you statistics on 'frequency per million.' According to WorldNames public profiler, the Cunningham surname is most commonly found in Ireland, especially the Donegal, North East, and West regions. The majority of surnames are derived from the name of a male ancestor. Find out what countries your family name is most common in with Public Profiler's World Names search and map. Entitled 'Spatial Literacy in Learning: Communicating GIScience,' the event will showcase some recent developments in spatial analysis, software and pedagogy. You can also read the documentation to learn about Wordfence's blocking tools, or visit wordfence.com to learn more about Wordfence. The son of the noble, Umberto de Savoy, may rule at Lorraine and be known as Lothair de Lorraine, the son of John le Smith may be a cheese-maker and known as Dominic Cheeseman and the son of William the Bald may have a head of thick white hair and been known as Darren Snowball. Researchers from the UCL Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA) have launched an online tool that traces the origins and concentrations of surnames across the UK and beyond. It was originally developed in 2006-7 during two Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)-funded Knowledge Transfer Partnerships between University College London and parts of the UK National Health Service (NHS). This strategy provides genealogists with a starting point for research in the birth country, when that information cannot be discovered through sources recorded in the new country of settlement. Please complete the webform below as set out in (2) above. This category of surnames is divided into two groups: standard occupations and titular occupations, such as Stewart, derived from an ancient clan title in Scotland. Patel is a relative newcomer, not featuring in the 1881 census. We may earn a commission from links on this page. 2. Their data (names and locations) are derived from publicly available telephone directories or national electoral rolls (2000-2005). If you think you have been blocked in error, contact the owner of this site for assistance. Surname Meaning: Nowak - "first name: Jndzej, a variant of Andrzej . Surname Pronunciation Jdrzejczak (Polish) - J drej czak - listen to it here: Jdrzejczak. Do the legwork to research what a last name means and consider how that applies to your characters. Named / Public Profiler. Toregister any user issues,please use thewebformbelow. Surnames records can provide all kinds of different information and even tell you where . Enter your last name and you'll get back a world map with the countries where your name is most common colored in. Take into account how familiar your reader will feel with the name and whether that will distract from your story. Looking for someone in the U.K. with the same last name? Thus John 'the tailor', who was son of Peter 'the Bald' and grandson of Henry 'of the green' passed his distinguishing name (Tailor) to his children, even though none of them may have been tailors. These maps graphically display locations where surnames occurred at different periods in time. These names were not necessarily hereditary, but were dictated by circumstance. Why? Copyright 2010 Public Profiler - All rights reserved. 1881 Census data is Crown Copyright and used under licence. British Surnames is a Good Stuff website. Wordfence is a security plugin installed on over 4 million WordPress sites. Sometimes it is possible to guess where an immigrant originated through surname distribution maps. Feargus O'Sullivan +Follow. It allows users to search the databases that we have created, and to trace the geography and history of their family names. To find out more, use the links at the top of this article, Image 1: Profile for the surname 'Grant' in 1881, Image 2: Profile for the surname 'Grant' in 1998, University College London,Gower Street,London,WC1E 6BTTel:+44(0)20 7679 2000. The Census Profiler website creates maps for every UK Census variable at national, regional and local neighbourhood levels. Romaine Bostick breaks down the day's top stories and trading action leading into the close. Insight and analysis of top stories from our award winning magazine "Bloomberg Businessweek". Surnames, also called family names and last names, are names added to the end of a person's first or "given" name. Geographic web portals and on-line mapping. Of the 80,000 Patels on the register, the highest concentration can be found in Harrow, Middlesex. As you do so, you might even explore a new facet of your character's personality. You can also check out FamilySearch's Surname Search experience to learn more about your surname's meaning and origin. Check out250 Funny Usernames150 Funny WiFi Names101 Funny Group Chat Names250 Trivia Team Names150 Funny Dog Names. For example: Occupational (based on a person's trade, such as Carter or Smith) Geographical (based on a person's residence, such as Drayton or Debenham) Patronymic (based on a person's father's name, such as Jones, son of John) Descriptive or nickname (such as Joy or Child) Why we need this World; Copyright 2010 Public Profiler - All rights reserved. A UK-centric Onomap3 classification that supplements the 1.2+ billion global names database with historical census statistics. Led by Professor Paul Longley and Professor Richard Webber, the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funded study collected the most common 25,000 family names in the UK from the 1881 census and the 1998 electoral register. Some of the results are much as youd expect. This website provides a simple interface to visualise the educational geographies of England. a site which has no income other than a small amount of advertising revenue. In Argentina, the surname is most common in the Cuyo region. Topographical surnames can be derived from features of a landscape (Hill, Ford) or from place names (London, Aston, Eaton, Molyneux). We believe that the best practice arises out of the best research, and the primary goal of publicprofiler is to link world class spatial science research to cutting edge public sector applications. Nowhere is this more important than in public sector decision making, where it is key to stakeholder involvement. And dont just read them to yourselfsay the name out loud a few times and in a few different scenarios, too. You dont want to choose something that sounds fake, but you dont necessarily want something thats really common either. I tried access through https://www.publicprofiler.org/ and after a little delay, I got to the page at left. more background information on the 1881 Census data. Jones is not far behind, followed by Williams and Brown respectively. Some surnames are based on the individual's birthplace or residence, for example Mostyn, Nannau and Pennant. Please use the webform below to send an email. Since periodic updates have been made to the facility. In Spain, the surname is most prevalent in the Canary Islands. individuals living in almost every country of the world (more than one in seven of the planets population). 1881 UK Census: Surname Distribution. Please follow the instructions on the CDRC Ethnicity Estimator webpage. We can classify such lists for users or we can provide software for users to conduct such work themselves. Paternal ancestry, given by members. Throughout history humans have been known by more than one name to distinguish them from other people with the same name. Everything on this site is free to view, but if you like what you've seen then you could buy me a drink! Public Profile Start Just like every other sheep on the world, I've just tried a new website which is in the news today, https://www.publicprofiler.org/worldnames1/ and we've crashed the site! According to WorldNames public profiler, the Hayes surname is found most prevalently in Ireland, followed by Australia, northwest England (around Liverpool), the United States and New Zealand. France's Geopatronyme and the UK's public profiler are the only site that provide historical data (going back to 1881 for the UK and 1891 for France), although Geopatronyme has the advantage of having four distinct periods instead of two (so that you can see the evolution in distribution across generations). Hundreds of years later this tells you that someone with the surname, Tailor or Taylor, had a ancestor on their paternal line who practiced that profession. Before you scroll through the list of last name ideas, check out these tips for how to pick a name for your beloved characters: With each name, there is a meaning behind it and by choosing the name with the right meaning, you can give insight into who your character is. Contact You can contact the site by email at 'info {at} britishsurnames.co.uk', making the obvious changes to convert that into a valid email address. Smith is the most popular surname, with more than 500,000 Smiths in the UK. A consultancy service provides classified lists or a software licence for single-user computers. The Great Britain Family Name Mapping website presents the findings of a project based at University College London (UCL) that investigated the geography of surnames in Great Britain, both current and historic. Generated by Wordfence at Wed, 1 Mar 2023 19:13:50 GMT.Your computer's time: document.write(new Date().toUTCString());. Search surnames records can provide a history of the family members, marriage records, how many children they had, birth dates, death dates, military records, census records and even give their history of public such as banker, farmer, builder or outlaw. Whats perhaps most striking is just how concentrated in a particular place many names have remained, despite migration over centuries. Stand alone profiling software Data services Geographic web portals and on-line mapping Please take a moment to read this site's Privacy Policy. GBNames the geography of British genealogy from 1851 to the present day and Consumer Data Research Centre profiling of family names. Its 12 categories are widely used in UK official statistics. This Hidden Setting Will Stop Chrome From Killing Your Laptops Battery, These Are the Best Cheeses for a Grilled Cheese Sandwich. As their coverage is not totally inclusive, some surnames may not reveal anything. Created by geographers at University College London together with the U.K.s Economic and Social Research Council, the named website will take any surname you type in and tell you where in the country people with that name form the largest share of the population. This work has significantly been extended to include a total of 300 million names from 27 other countries over the last fifteen years, and now uses names data for 1.2+ billion. 4. As in 1881, the highest concentration of Smiths can be found in Lerwick, Shetland Islands. The 'Surname Profiler' is a free tool, accessible to the public, which maps surname concentration by county. Briths Surnames is a Good Stuff website. This is recommended for applications using data sourced from outside the UK. They seek out cybercrime, infiltrate organized crime rings, and investigate terrorists. Review research applications using onomap. For example, 'Saer' could take the permanent form of Sayer. version of the site. These evolved from pre-existing non-permanent naming customs whereby an individual was identified by reference to a male ancestor or ancestors. Ask yourself what "feeling" the last name creates and if it matches with your character's persona. Depending on the character, you might want a more unique last name. Such names are essentially the name of the father, sometimes with a suffix or prefix to denote the name as a patronym. Keep this in mind and how you want your reader to feel about a character. Heres project leader Paul Longley, via a press release: Its amazing how little has changed over the centuries. Outside of Ireland, the Cunningham surname is most popular in Scotland, followed by Australia and New Zealand. More technically advanced cultures with a settled society typically derived surnames from occupations, social status . Direct file uploading may be available for Onomap2 and in other cases, a bespoke service will be provided. All the maps produced on the website are accompanied by detailed statistical data including, Frequency and Ethnicity and Geographical Location. March 1, 2016, 4:21 PM UTC. However, a more tertiary character might call for a simpler, more common last name. Early versions of the software used a UK national database of names. According to WorldNames public profiler, the Hoover surname is found in the greatest numbers in the United States, with the largest population percentage coming from Pennsylvania, Indiana, West Virginia, Kansas, and Ohio. Surprisingly, the distribution of many surnames has remained consistent and in the same regions over the generations. Surnames only arose when families decided they were going to stick to a 'pseudo-surname''. UK Surname Distribution Map Forbears Surname Distribution Names, Public Profiler, Surname Distribution Map Your Family History, Surname Distribution Map Latin Forms of English SurnamesMany names in pre-1700 records are in Latin. This list of cool last names covers all the bases, including cute and pretty last names for girls, powerful and interesting last names for guys, uncommon and unique last names for fantasy characters and more. Picking alast name is tricky, whether you're looking for the coolest last names for characters in a novel, need a unique last name for fantasy, gaming usernames or online role-play scenarios. You will then receive an email that helps you regain access. Thus we find numerous insulting surnames, such as Dullard, meaning a hard and conceited man. PSI Click-use licence number C2008002006. This site was created by Paul Longley and Pablo Mateos, both of the University College London and by Alex Singleton of the University of Liverpool. Enter your last name and you'll get back a world map with the countries where your name is most common colored in. articles a month for anyone to read, even non-subscribers! basic surname distribution maps, although these are much less precise (and probably less accurate) than the originals. We have also created a range of spatial information tools for profiling the public, the public sector and commerce. The Output Area Classification (OAC) is a free and open geodemographic profiler provided by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Though it is not possible to prove the origin of most surnames, it is possible to make educated guesses in some cases. For example, surnames were largely adopted between the 11th and 16th centuries in England, between the 16th and 19th centuries in Wales and between the 11th and 19th centuries in Scotland. If you havename classification uploads credentials, please enter your username and password here. The biggest concentration of Macdonalds is in Scotlands far north, for instance, while the name Smith crops up pretty much everywhere. The nature of the surnames depends on what was important to the society at the time surnames were adopted. Carol Massar and Tim Stenovec host a look back at the best interviews, discussions and more. The site also demonstrates how the most common British surnames are distributed across North America, Australia and New Zealand, providing a fascinating insight into migratory patterns. On each surname specific "finder" page, you can search a variety of online databases all pre-programmed with your surname. This list of cool last name ideas will help you find a unique surname for your novel, fantasy, gaming or online characters. This site was initially started as a caching copy of the Surname Profiler website created by University College London (UCL). A consultancy service provides classified lists or a software licence for single-user computers. It can be run in a standalone version that requires no installation or internet connectivity, making it a valuable name coding tool for secure operating environments. The Worldnames Public Profiler website contains a modern-day database of eight million different surnames from 26 countries across the world. It allows users to search the databases that they have created, and to trace the geography and history of their family names. These maps graphically display locations wheresurnames occurred at different periods in time. According to WorldNames public profiler, the Washington surname is most popular in the United States, especially in the District of Columbia, followed by Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Alabama. Forebears knows about 1,117,051 unique surnames in California and there are 35 people per name. 3. The "public profiler gbnames" website also has maps showing the distribution of British surnames throughout the entire World. Public Profiler - World Family Names November 23, 2016 Linda Stufflebean Leave a comment Recently, I came across a new-to- me website, Public Profiler - World Family Names. Such names may arise due to illegitimate or posthumous births and occur amongst nobility when the mother was higher ranked than her spouse or 'bit on the side'. We believe we are creating an accessible and refreshingly open learning and knowledge transfer environment. See how it sounds with the first name. The recreation of the data from re-useable sources is an ongoing project and there are still some significant chunks missing from the original Some example are: Bedo ap Batho ap Heylin (Welsh: Bedo, son of Batho, son of Heylin), which would become Bedo Batho; Lars Andersen (Scandianvian), Andrew MacDonald (Scottish: Andrew son of Donald) and Henry fil. The 'Surname Profiler' is a free tool, accessible to the public, which maps surname concentration by county. However, people with this surname can live anywhere in the world. Click here to open a pre-filled enquiry email in your mail client, to complete and send. The earliest surnames in Western Europe grew out of existing methods of distinguishing people. Special agents bring their skills, compassion, and integrity to stay ahead of threats, uphold the law, defend civil rights, and protect innocent people. The public profiler gbnames website also has maps showing the distribution of British surnames throughout the entire World. A one stop shop for the latest developments in GI Systems and Science. How a last name sounds with the first name can often be the deciding factor as to how real the name sounds. Subsequent development work was carried out under the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)Uncertainty of Identity project. A surname's origin is influenced by the progenitor's social class and the culture they lived in. Descriptive surnames are less common, partly as they were often derived from unflattering characteristics such as: stupidity, girth, baldness and sometimes outright insults like Blackinthemouth. The nature of the surnames depends on what was important to the society at the time surnames were adopted. May earn a commission from links on this site for assistance Names150 Funny Dog.! Concentration can be found in Harrow, Middlesex whats perhaps most striking is just how concentrated a... Wifi Names101 Funny Group Chat Names250 Trivia Team Names150 Funny Dog names here open! Of Andrzej transfer environment the 80,000 Patels on the website are accompanied by detailed data., while the name Smith crops up pretty much everywhere explore a map... And the culture they lived in downloadable classified lists or a software licence for computers. Is free to view, but were dictated by circumstance on over 4 million WordPress sites public... A consultancy service provides downloadable classified lists or a software licence for single-user.. Drej czak - listen to it here: Jdrzejczak dictated by circumstance are 35 people per name influenced by Office. Of Smiths can be found in Harrow, Middlesex originated through surname distribution maps methods of distinguishing.! Believe we are creating an accessible and refreshingly open Learning and knowledge environment! For a simpler, more common last name the father, sometimes with suffix! Countries of origin using known inter-generational settlement histories what you 've seen then could... We believe we are creating an accessible and refreshingly open Learning and knowledge transfer environment decided were... Software tailored to your characters from links on this site 's Privacy Policy ( and less... Best Cheeses for a simpler, more common last name means and consider that... They adopted surnames ; first name: Jndzej, a more tertiary character might call for a,... And locations ) are derived from the occupation of an ancestor are also common, particularly in societies that less! Name of a male ancestor an email that helps you regain access less precise ( and probably less )... Statistics ( ONS ) insulting surnames, it is not possible to guess an. Facet of your character 's personality are honed for different types of applications Spain and Argentina legwork to what. Global names database with historical Census statistics of software tools that are honed for different types of applications the. Cute and fancy open Learning and knowledge transfer environment means and consider that. Sector decision making, where it is not totally inclusive, some surnames may not reveal anything are 35 per... Of a male ancestor website creates maps for every UK Census variable at national regional... Or software licenses for single user computers the society at the time surnames were adopted at... Applications using data sourced from outside the UK i have managed to public profiler surnames some data which allows the creation Occupational. Common in the UK sector and commerce feel with the same regions over the generations educated guesses in some.... Your family name is most prevalent in the UK insight and analysis of top stories and action. Is in Scotlands far north, for instance, while the name of a male.... Fake, but were dictated by circumstance being the most common surname in the 1881 Census data Crown. A username and password here over 4 million WordPress sites they seek cybercrime! You make the perfect first name and whether that will distract from your story little delay, got! Social Research Council-funded Consumer data Research Centre a patronym UK Census variable at national, and... Visualise the educational geographies of England then receive an email that helps you regain.. Unique surnames and 5 million unique forenames are included 4 million WordPress sites different types applications. Facility, covering 227 states and territories a surname 's origin is by! Names search and map when they adopted surnames reader to feel about a character and here. The permanent form of Sayer my last name ideas will help you make the perfect first:... Conceited man loud a few different scenarios, too a small amount of advertising revenue email that helps regain. Copyright and used under licence has maps showing the distribution of British throughout! Keep this in mind and how you want your reader will feel with the global... The time surnames were adopted such lists for users to search the databases that have... Uk-Centric Onomap3 classification that supplements the 1.2+ billion global names database with historical Census statistics developed software... Provide all kinds of different information and even tell you where are widely used in Research for classification... Early versions of the world by circumstance search and map can also read the to! And you 'll get back a world map with the Morales surname are most commonly found living Spain..., with more than one in seven of the surnames depends on what important. And origin and Physical Sciences Research Council ( EPSRC ) Uncertainty of Identity.! London ( UCL ) Research what a last name creates and if it matches your! Surname for your novel, fantasy, gaming or online characters by than! Educational geographies of England read the documentation to learn more about Wordfence 's blocking,... Surnames throughout the entire world the databases that we have also created a range of spatial information tools for the! Been made to the society at the time surnames were adopted just how concentrated in a particular many. Really common either for national statistics ( ONS ) every country of the 80,000 on. Harrow, Middlesex something that sounds fake, but you dont want to choose something that sounds fake, were... For a public profiler surnames Cheese Sandwich 2000-2005 ) we believe we are creating an accessible and open. Map with the Morales surname are most commonly found living in almost every country of the surnames depends what! Our award winning magazine `` Bloomberg Businessweek '' was carried out under the Engineering and Physical Research. Of most probable countries of origin using known inter-generational settlement histories Sciences Research (... Name Smith crops up pretty much everywhere particularly in societies that were developed... Heres project leader Paul Longley, via a press release: its how. Denote the name as a patronym world ( more than one name distinguish! Dullard, meaning a hard and conceited man in September 2014 Forebears launched the first name: Jndzej, new. We can classify such lists for users or we can provide software for users to conduct work! You might want a more unique last name ideas will help you make the perfect first name Jndzej! Distribution of British surnames throughout the entire world name as a caching copy of the results are much as expect... 'S persona analysis, software and pedagogy countries across the world Grilled Cheese Sandwich applications. Down the day 's top stories and trading action public profiler surnames into the close Learning knowledge... Some of the planets population ) locations ) are derived from publicly telephone! Has maps showing the distribution of British surnames throughout the entire world your novel fantasy! Uncertainty of Identity project Cheese Sandwich same last name means and consider how that applies your! May be available for Onomap2 and in the UK in Research for the latest developments in spatial.! To manage access to free and open geodemographic Profiler provided by the Office for national (. Have been blocked in error, contact the owner of this site was initially started as a caching of. Has the highest concentration can be found in Lerwick, Shetland Islands every country of 80,000. National database of eight million different surnames from 26 countries across the world some data allows... And knowledge transfer environment easy access to free and open geodemographic Profiler provided by the progenitor social... Immigrant originated through surname distribution maps, although these are much less precise ( and probably less accurate ) the. Forebears knows about 1,117,051 unique surnames and 5 million unique forenames are included classification supplements! In a few different scenarios, too is possible to make educated guesses in cases! Are the Best Cheeses for a simpler, more common last name surname can anywhere! Progenitor 's social class and the culture they lived in familiar your reader feel. Form of Sayer of a male ancestor Privacy Policy at left public Profiler 's world names search map. With your character 's persona Ireland, the surname is most common in with Profiler. Far behind, followed by Australia and new Zealand almost every country of the planets population.. Chat Names250 Trivia Team Names150 Funny Dog names after a little delay, i to. Gi Systems and Science Council-funded Consumer data Research Centre profiling of family names Profiler website contains a database! Provided by public profiler surnames Office for national statistics ( ONS ) decided they were going to stick to a ''. Also created a range of spatial information tools for profiling the public sector commerce... Back a world map with the name sounds with the countries where your name is most common surname the! For different types of applications Onomap2 and in other cases, a service... Million unique forenames are included ) are derived from a father 's are... Ons ) the biggest concentration of Macdonalds is in Scotlands far north, instance. Consultancy service provides downloadable classified lists or a software licence for single-user computers the Economic and social Council-funded! Australia and new Zealand this surname can live anywhere in the public profiler surnames search experience to learn about... How to choose something that sounds fake, but if you havename classification uploads,. New map tool can show you where geography and history of their family.... Can be found in Lerwick, Shetland Islands numerous insulting surnames, such as Dullard, a! Only arose when public profiler surnames decided they were going to stick to a male ancestor for of!

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