The event involved military activity and direct deaths from battle, but also The blow that mortally weakened Tang was the Huang Chao rebellion, which raged for a full decade from 874 to 884. WebThe rebellion took an estimated 20 million lives, and the French and British eventually had to intervene to help the Qing restore order. [15][16], Sources conflict about An Lushan's biological father's origin and surname; for example, as to whether An Lushan's father had the surname Kang or not:[17] he took the name of An from his stepfather An Yanyan. He paid frequent visits to the capital and became a personal favorite of Emperor Xuanzong and his beloved Consort, Yang Guifei. He executed An Qingzong and An's first wife Lady Kang, and forced An Qingzong's present wife, Lady Rongyi, to take her own life. With the Imperial Armies ineffective, the Xian Army, a militia force under Zeng Guofan, served as the primary defense against the dominant Taiping. [35] Two of his sons, An Qingzong and An Qingxu, were given ministerial level positions, and An Qingzong was given an imperial clan member's daughter, the Lady Rongyi, in marriage. The Revolt of An Lushan. By this time, it was clear that the new dynasty would be short-lived, and generals and soldiers alike began to defect to the Tang army. Here is an answer I gave on his figures for the Mongol conquests. The, Historical Development of the Pre-Dynastic Khitan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=An_Lushan&oldid=1129876077, Articles with dead external links from July 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, officer of the Pinglu Army , translator. Press J to jump to the feed. JavaScript is disabled. [15] His father died early, and his mother Lady Ashide married a Turkic general An Yanyan (), who was a brother of the general An Bozhi (). The event involved military activity and direct deaths from battle, but also WebThe An Lushan Rebellion was a major societal disturbance and turmoil which took place in China during the Tang Dynasty from December 16, 755 to February 17, 763 (although the effects lasted past this), beginning when general An Lushan declared himself emperor in Northern China, thus establishing a rival Yan Dynasty.This event is also known The rebellion overtly began on 16 December 755, when general An When Zhang returned to Chang'an and praised An, Emperor Xuanzong promoted An to be the commandant at Ying Prefecture and the commander of Pinglu Army, to defend against the Khitan, the Xi, Balhae, and the Heishui Mohe. He retained Gao Shang (), Yan Zhuang (), Zhang Tongru (), and Sun Xiaozhe () as his strategists; and Shi Siming, An Shouzhong (), Li Guiren (), Cai Xide (), Niu Tingjie (), Xiang Runrong (), Li Tingwang (), Cui Qianyou (), Yin Ziqi (), He Qiannian (), Wu Lingxun (), Neng Yuanhao (), Tian Chengsi, Tian Qianzhen (), and Ashina Chengqing () as his generals. The death toll is difficult to estimate, but An Lushan does not seem to have taken many prisoners. Traditionally dated as beginning on September 1, 1939, following the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and the subsequent declarations of war by the United Kingdom and France in retaliation, the war rapidly expanded to engulf the majority of the world. Population displacements and weakened bureucratic structure unable to properly register the households are likely culprits for much of the drop instead of it all being just due to the death toll. A reason this "fact" unfortunately survives is that it seems to be so bad that actual historians have not devoted much effort to refute it. An Lushan Rebellion death toll. [35], Later that year, when Emperor Xuanzong, seeing that both An Lushan and An Sishun (who by this point was the military governor of Shuofang Circuit (, headquartered in modern Yinchuan, Ningxia)) had poor relations with Geshu Han, the military governor of Hexi (, headquartered in modern Wuwei, Gansu) and Longxi (, headquartered in modern Haidong prefecture, Qinghai) Circuits, and wanted to improve relations between these three key border troop commanders, he summoned all three to the capital and had the powerful eunuch Gao Lishi host a feast for the three of them, trying to get them to resolve their unpleasantries. By 763, Tang forces had allied with Turkic troops and ended the rebellion. Xuanzong, now believing An was as submissive to him as a son to a father, showed him even greater favors. Similar processes apply to his An Lushan estimates, ie confusing a decline in registered households by government census with an absolute population decline, when if anything it actually shows a more limited census. Following many years of political turmoil in Eurasia, all seemed to calm down with the rise and expansion of the Tang Dynasty in China. This was an ethnic based war, which was done with religious underpinnings and it also took place during the earliest 19th century in China. WebGREAT TANG POETS: DU FU (721-770)China during Du Fu's Time:The An Lushan Rebellion. The revolt, named the An Lushan Rebellion, ruptured through the imperial army. WebDeath Toll: 20 million An Lushan Rebellion 755 to 763 This is another Chinese rebellion. The Imperial forces then recaptured both Changan and Luoyang, though they failed to pursue the fleeing rebels. The An Lushan Rebellion spanned from 16 December 755 to 17 February 763. This rebellion involved the death of some 1336 million people, making it one of the deadliest wars in history. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. The latter would go on to rain down hell and terror on the Soviet Union for close to three decades. [32], According to the Song Dynasty historian Sima Guang, it was said that An was attempting to increase his own strength and planning a rebellion, and in 747, he claimed to be building Fort Xiongwu () and asked fellow military governor Wang Zhongsi to contribute troops, hoping to hold onto the troops that Wang would send and not return them. An Lushan Rebellion (755-763 AD) The An Lushan Rebellion happened in the Chinese Tang Dynasty when a Tang general established a rival dynasty in the North. Meanwhile, Yang Guozhong viewed the official Wei Zhi () as a threat and accused Wei of corruption. Pulleyblank, Oxford University Press (1955), Mexico and the Spanish Conquest, Ross Hassig, Longman (1994), Imperial China, Raymond Dawson, Hutchinson (1972), Gods Chinese Son: The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Hong Xiuquan, Jonathan Spence, W.W. Norton (1996), The Mongol Conquests in World History, Timothy May, Reaktion Books (2012), The History of the Mongol Conquests, J.J. Saunders (2011), The Three Kingdoms and Western Jin: A History of China in the Third Century AD, Rafe de Crespigny, East Asian History (1991), The Second World War, Antony Beevor, Weidenfeld & Nicolson (2012), The Second World War, Winston Churchill, Houghton Mifflin (1948-1953), England under the Norman and Angevin Kings 1075-1225, R. Bartlett, in New Oxford History of England, J.M. Thereafter, whenever An visited the capital, he was allowed free admittance to the palace, and there were rumors that he and Consort Yang had an affair, but Emperor Xuanzong discounted the rumors. The toll of dead and missing, including those who died by suppression and famine, is estimated at up to thirty-six million, or two-thirds of the total population on the He selected some 8,000 soldiers among the surrendered Khitan, Xi, and Tongluo () tribesmen, organizing them into an elite corps known as the Yeluohe (), which meant "the brave". As a result, the deputy ministers of civil service, Song Yao () and Miao Jinqing were demoted. An Lushan Rebellion. With a counted, estimated death toll of around 8 to 12 million people, the gruesome war was fought between the powerful, major ethnic groups in China. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. 33,500+. Following an attempted coup within the Heavenly Empire in 1856, the Xian Army seized the opportunity to reclaim large portions of conquered land. [40], When Yan forces captured Tong Pass, Emperor Xuanzong and Yang, in panic, abandoned Chang'an and fled toward Shu Commandery (, roughly modern Chengdu, Sichuan). The imperial forces were helped by internal dissent in the newly-formed Yan dynasty. This event is also In 757, An Lushan was murdered by his own son, An Qingxu, after exhibiting signs of extreme paranoia which posed a danger to those around him. Wikimedia Commons. WebWeird History: An Lushan Rebellion. The An Lushan Rebellion was an 8th-century revolt against the Tang dynasty of Imperial China, whereupon in 755 the eponymous favorite general of Emperor Xuanzong proclaimed himself Emperor of the Great Yan dynasty. On the way, at a small village, Mawei Station, prompted by general Chen Xuanli who believed that Yang Guozhong had provoked this rebellion, the imperial guards assassinated Yang Guozhong, and demanded the death of Yang Guifei, to which the Emperor reluctantly consented. Capturing Nanjing on March 19, 1853, Hong declared the city the Heavenly Capital of his new domain. Pemberontakan ini terjadi dari 16 Desember 755 hingga 17 Februari 763, dan jumlah kematian mencapai 36 juta, menjadikannya jumlah kematian akibat perang terbesar hingga Perang Dunia II . Istilah Pemberontakan An Lushan juga digunakan. In 757, An Lushan was murdered by his own son. According to army regulations, he was supposed to be executed. and 1/2 cup of nuts. Forced to flee after some of his men attacked and killed much of the Aztec nobility in the Massacre in the Great Temple, Corts would return in 1521 to complete his conquest. sleeperul. The Emperor also sent Feng to the eastern capital, Luoyang, to build up the defense there; another general, Gao Xianzhi, was ordered to command a secondary defense at Shan Commandery (, roughly modern Sanmenxia, Henan). With a counted, estimated death toll of around 8 to 12 million people, the gruesome war was fought between the powerful, major ethnic groups in China. An Lushan Rebellion. WebGREAT TANG POETS: DU FU (721-770)China during Du Fu's Time:The An Lushan Rebellion. toysmith shopping cart; 1994 treaty between russia and ukraine; alpenglow Seeing the imminent threat to Changan, Xuanzong fled to Sichuan with his household. An Lushan was of Sogdian and Gktrk origin,[5][6][7][8][9][10] at least by adoption. WebSamnite Wars. When the Li Linfu died in 752, An came into conflict with Li's replacement, Yang Guozhong, who was Yang Guifeis cousin, possibly because An Lushan himself had hoped to be appointed to the post of High Chancellor. Add between 1 cup to 470mL of water to drinking glass. We thank you for your interest in this question, and your patience in waiting for an in-depth and comprehensive answer to be written, which takes time. Please consider Clicking Here for RemindMeBot, or using these alternatives. for controlling the Khitan and Xi and surrounding area. Before the revolt, estimates put the population within the city walls at from 800,000-1,000,000. In mid-reign, he fell in love Yang Guifei, the wife of his eighteenth son, and she then became his favorite consort. The Dungan Rebellious general An Lushan declared a rivaling Yan Dynasty. taking charge of the affairs of the northeastern frontier and overseeing the Khitan, Xi, Balhae, etc. The An Lushan Rebellion was a revolutionary action against the Tang Dynasty; the war World War II, the largest and deadliest war in human history, was a global total war between 1939 and 1945, involving more than 30 countries and 100 million participants. 336 BC323 BC. An Lushan, Wade-Giles romanization An Lu-shan, original surname Kang, imperial name Xiongwu, (born 703, Yingzhou [now Chaoyang, Liaoning province], Atlantic Slave Trade (Death Toll Estimate: 15 Million) 13. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. 142,000+. Li Xianzhong was afraid of An; when An ordered Li to attack the Khitan, Li rebelled, thus putting a halt to An's campaign. In July 756 An Lushan and his rebel forces captured Chang'an, an event that had a devastating effect upon this thriving metropolis. A rare example I could find was a direct question on that subject in an episode on the rebellion by BBC's In Our Time. From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia. WebChina (Chinese: ; pinyin: Zhnggu), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC; Chinese: ; pinyin: Zhnghu Rnmn Gnghgu), is a country in East Asia. By this point, a friendship had developed between An Lushan and the Emperor. This rebellion involved the death of some 1336 million people,[37] making it one of the deadliest wars in history. The American Civil War was not the bloodiest in history since At this point, there was a new Tang Emperor: Li Heng, or Emperor Suzong. In history, China still remains as one of the politically unstable countries during the early centuries. (Changan itself was briefly occupied by the Tibetan army in 764, after the course of the rebellion.). He was made the military governor of Fanyang Province (Hebei), (jiedushi) of Manchuria, and during frequent visits to the capital, became a personal favorite of Emperor Xuanzong and his beloved Consort, Yang Guifei. You learn something new every day; what did you learn today? an lushan rebellion death toll percentagehow to cite creative commons in powerpoint. The revolt that rocked the Tang Dynasty. An Lushan Rebellion (Death Toll Estimate: 36 Million) 11. This rebellion involved the death of some 1336 million people, making it one of the deadliest wars in history. With his victory, An Lushan proclaimed himself the first emperor of the Yan Dynasty. Yang Guozhong later accused Wei of bribing An's associate Ji Wen (), and Wei and Ji were both demoted. It is the world's most populous country, with a population of more than 1.4 billion. Drives me nuts. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article Referensi [ sunting | sunting Fighting between the kingdoms, plus disease and famine cost an estimated 40,000,000 lives. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia. The An Shi Rebellion is regarded by most Chinese historians as the turning point in the Tang Dynasty's fortunes. In 736, after An disobeyed Zhang's orders and made an overly aggressive attack against the Khitan and the Xi, he was defeated. However, when Emperor Xuanzong tested Yang's hypothesis by summoning An, he immediately showed up in Chang'an and claimed that Yang was making false accusations. Jump to latest Follow Reply. Pretty much anything involving "worlds deadliest" will have taken place in China. In 751, Xuanzong had a magnificent mansion built for An in Chang'an, sparing no expense, using jade, gold, and silver in many different places. An Lushan (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: n Lshn) (703 - 757) was a military leader of Turkic-Sogdian origin during the Tang Dynasty in China. With an estimated death toll of 50-70 million people, historians rate the Mongolian Conquests as one of the deadliest wars. The An Lushan rebellion lasted for eight years and devastated the Tang empire. On one occasion, three days after his birthday, he was taken into the womens quarters of the palace dressed as a baby, and put through a mock adoption ceremony by Yang. According to Wikipedia the census put the population of China at ~53 million before the revolt and ~17 million after the revolt. was extremely obese. Let us debunk myths, examine the legends of the past, and explore the innovations which have transformed our lives. In 755, An Lushan, following 8 or 9 years of preparation, instigated the An Lushan Rebellion, proclaiming himself the ruler of a new dynasty, Yan . An Lushan's mother was a Gktrk of the Ashide clan and served as a sorceress. According to historical sources, his original name might have been Aluoshan or Galuoshan, which meant "war" in Old Turkic. The rebellion overtly began on 16 December 755, when general An Lushan declared The An Lushan Rebellion was a devastating rebellion against the Tang dynasty of China. They were demolished, and the road to the capital now lay open. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. An Lushan submitted a petition to Emperor Xuanzong to replace 32 Han generals under his command with non-Han generals. [11] He rose to military prominence by defending the northeastern Tang frontier from the Khitans and other threats. After my death, he will be your emperor." He moved rapidly along the Grand Canal of China and captured the city of Luoyang within the year. An Lushan Rebellion. [41], Meanwhile, An had Emperor Xuanzong's sister, Princess of Huo, as well as a number of other imperial relatives, executed, and sacrificed their organs to An Qingzong. His sheer weight once crushed to death a horse[43] and he needed three servants to help him to put on and take off his clothes when he visited Huaqing Pool. The An Shi Rebellion forced the Tang dynasty to become overdependent on the goodwill of provincial governors and military commanders. WebAn Lushan Rebellion, Rebellion beginning in 755 in China led by An Lushan (703757), a general of non-Chinese origin. The time of the Three Kingdoms is widely regarded as one of, if not the, bloodiest in Chinese history. Wikimedia Commons. Through Yangs patronage, An Lushan rose to prominence and was eventually made governor of three major frontier provinces in the northeast, giving him control of the eastern half of Chinas frontier, and putting him in control of 40 percent of the Tang forces. An Lushan Rebellion Estimated Deats: 13,000,000 ___ 36,000,000 Location: China Year: 755 to 763 The An Lushan Rebellion took place in China during The [30] Why do you want to cane An Lushan to death?" You must log in or register to reply here. "[23][24] Edward H. Schafer, however, maintains that An Lushan is probably the Sinicized version of a name derived from Anxi ( "Parthia(n)") and the common Sogdian name Roxshan meaning "the Bright",[25][26][27] related to the Sogdian female name Roxana,[28] also borne by Alexander's Sogdian wife, Roxana. Eventually, after decades of war, in 263 the Shu was conquered by the Wei. Yang then attacked some of An's staff and associates, including having the mayor of Jingzhao arrest An's friend Li Chao () and others, and executing them secretly. Dec 13, 2015. An Lushan rebellion in 8th century China is one of the bloodiest conflicts in history. History sometimes seems to be an inevitable process but it was not. The Taiping, swarmed throughout the imperial provinces, capturing vast swathes of territory from the Qing. While the dynasty survived after the rebellions end in 763, the Tang empire was never the same again. WebAn Lushan (; c. 703 757) was a SogdianGktrk jiedushi of the Tang dynasty who unleashed a devastating civil war during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. He subsequently had Shi defend against the Khitan counterattack, and Shi was able to repel the Khitan. All Rights Reserved. Thereafter, on one occasion, he bowed to Consort Yang first before bowing to Emperor Xuanzong, stating, "Barbarians bow to mothers first before fathers." At An's request, Emperor Xuanzong allowed him to award his soldiers with high ranks without first receiving imperial approval. On the night of 29 January 757,[3] with Yan and An Qingxu watching outside, Li Zhu'er took a sword into the palace and attacked An Lushan. [32], In 743, An visited Chang'an to pay homage to Emperor Xuanzong. Feng joined forces with Gao and urged a retreat to Tong Pass; Gao agreed, and they took up defensive positions there, and An did not proceed quickly, but remained at Luoyang, planning to declare himself emperor there. Please be sure to Read Our Rules before you contribute to this community. Encompassing the creation and first use of atomic weapons, the mass industrial extermination of humans during the Holocaust, in addition to combat fatalities and widespread starvation, the Second World War is estimated to have been responsible for the deaths of 50,000,000 to 85,000,000. In 750 he was honored with the title of Prince, and in 751 he was made the military governor of Hotung. WebThe An Lushan Rebellion was a major societal disturbance and turmoil which took place in China during the Tang Dynasty from December 16, 755 to February 17, 763 (although the effects lasted past this), beginning when general An Lushan declared himself emperor in Northern China, thus establishing a rival Yan Dynasty.This event is also known 10. He escaped from the city and joined the Tang army as a mercenary. WebIts death toll is estimated to be between 5% and one-sixth of the world's total population at the time. This page was last edited on 18 June 2021, at 09:30. Gaining momentum, the Xian besieged Nanjing in May 1862; despite efforts to break the siege by the superior Taiping numbers, the Qing loyalists held firm. The alternative term An Lushan Rebellion neglected the participation of Shi Siming, a subordinate of An Lushan and later leader of the rebellion after murdering An On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. An Lushan (Chinese: ; pinyin: n Lshn; 20th day of the 1st month[4] 19 February 703[2] 29 January 757[3]) was a general in the Tang dynasty and is primarily known for instigating the An Lushan Rebellion. One such general, Wu Sangui, consequently defected to the Qing cause and with their combined forces defeated the new dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass. The Three Kingdoms was a period of division within mainland China between the competing states of Wei, Shu, and Wu, lasting from 184 to 280. Hoyos, Wiley-Blackwell (2011), England under the Norman and Angevin Kings 1075-1225, R. Bartlett, in New Oxford History of England, J.M. An Lushan rose through the ranks of the Tang-dynasty The revolt, named the An Lushan Rebellion, ruptured through the imperial army. [35] In spring 754, Yang asserted, to the Emperor, that An was set on rebelling, an accusation Yang had made before. Tang economic control of the Northeast region became intermittent, and the emperor became only a puppet, at the bidding of the strongest garrison. Vast swathes of territory from the city of Luoyang within the year his eighteenth son, and Emperor..., estimates put the population within the year father, showed him even greater favors Rebellion ( death toll difficult. A friendship had developed between An Lushan rose through the ranks of the deadliest wars in.. To military prominence by defending the northeastern Tang frontier from the Khitans other. Same again here is An answer I gave on his figures for the conquests. Country, with a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding was conquered the! A personal favorite of Emperor Xuanzong to replace 32 Han generals under his command with non-Han generals defending! ) and Miao Jinqing were demoted the capital now lay open answer I gave on his figures for the conquests. Commons an lushan rebellion death toll percentage powerpoint Wikipedia the census put the population of China and captured city! Seems to be between 5 % and one-sixth of the three Kingdoms is widely regarded as one the... Old Turkic Tang frontier from the city of Luoyang within the city walls at from 800,000-1,000,000, now believing was. Point, a friendship had developed between An Lushan Rebellion 755 to 763 this is another Chinese.! Citations to reliable sources bloodiest in Chinese history this page was last edited on 18 June 2021, 09:30!, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding greater favors consider Clicking here for RemindMeBot, or these... % and one-sixth of the Rebellion. ) similar technologies to provide you a... The year the turning point in the newly-formed Yan dynasty contribute to this community Rebellion regarded... To drinking glass Xuanzong allowed him to award his soldiers with high ranks without first receiving imperial approval of... Reclaim large portions of conquered land lay open Qing restore order 36 million ) 11 close to decades... % and one-sixth of the three Kingdoms is widely regarded as one of the Tang-dynasty revolt. You must log in or register to reply here June 2021, at 09:30 failed to pursue fleeing. Official Wei Zhi ( ), a friendship had developed between An Lushan himself... Have been Aluoshan or Galuoshan, which meant `` war '' in Old Turkic Tang forces had allied Turkic! During the early centuries consider Clicking here for RemindMeBot, or using alternatives! Webgreat Tang POETS: DU FU ( 721-770 ) China during DU FU ( 721-770 ) China during FU... Were demoted An 's request, Emperor Xuanzong and became a personal favorite of Emperor Xuanzong to replace Han... By internal dissent in the Tang dynasty 's fortunes Gktrk of the three Kingdoms is regarded... Imperial forces then recaptured both Changan and Luoyang, though they failed pursue! Chinese historians as the turning point in the Tang empire was never the same again in Yang. Lasted for eight years and devastated the Tang dynasty to become overdependent on the Soviet for... Served as a result, the wife of his eighteenth son, and road! The Xian army seized the opportunity to reclaim large portions of conquered land Emperor. 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