The water was clear at the time of the first European settlements, but intensive land clearing and development since the mid-19th century has resulted in the presence of microscopic clay particles. Indeed, starting in 1905, the annual Henley Regatta on the Yarra became a fixture of . In 1803, New South Wales Acting Surveyor-General Charles Grimes and his party became the first Europeans to sail up the river. The day's most visible group was Mothers Demand Action, members of which crowded the halls in a sea of red as they advocated lawmakers for gun control measures. Check the fire danger ratings before you visit on hot days. In 1891, the great flood caused the Yarra to swell to 305 metres (1,001ft) in width. Its marshlands were covered over to prevent . The Melbourne Docklands urban renewal project began in 2000, comprising mixed use residential and commercial land and recreational boating moors along the river at the disused Victoria Dock and on the south bank of the Yarra. Watch the following video to see it for yourself: Take a tour of the upper Yarra River at picturesque Warburton. You can leap from the cliff faces into the flowing water, or clamber across the smooth rocks in the shallow sections. This project involves replacing steep steps at Gipps Streetin Abbotsford with an elevated, curling walkway, improving how cyclists, people with prams and people with accessibility requirements can continue along the Trail. The catchment's upper reaches are also affected by logging. The Yarra has greatly improved since the 1970s and 80s, thanks to an expanding sewerage system servicing Melbournes industry and suburbs. [9], Upon European arrival it was given the name 'Yarra Yarra' by John Helder Wedge of the Port Phillip Association in 1835,[10] in the mistaken belief that this was the name for the river in the Boonwurrung language. The Yarra River is Victoria's 10th longest river, flowing for about 242 kilometers from its source in the Eastern Highlands to its mouth at Hobsons Bay. Throughout its length, the waters of the Yarra River and its banks are used for; boating, rowing, water skiing, kayaking, canoeing, swimming, fishing, cycling, running and walking, amongst other things. With the Avon, Canning and Helena Rivers as its main tributaries, the Swan river's lower reaches are deep and wide while the upper reaches very shallow and narrow. This gem is king of our rivers in Northern California. Depart from Southgate on the Spirit of Melbourne, a vessel that offers encompassing glass viewing areas as you dine away and pass Melbourne's parks, gardens and sport's stadiums and more. Swimming is also popular in the middle reaches throughout winter, particularly around Warrandyte. There's also a lot of rubbish in the Yarra near the city. The project was controversial and strict regulations were enacted. Around 2000, the river became a focus of major government projects. One of the best ways you can get into nature is with a Licensed Tour Operator. At its most easterly point, it is fed by many small unnamed creeks and streams that begin in the Yarra Ranges within the Yarra Ranges National Park, which are sometimes fed by snowfalls. [17] However, people continued to swim and drink the water until Melbourne's fresh water was sourced from elsewhere. New ferry services and water taxis sprang up along the city reach, servicing as far up river as South Yarra and out to Hobsons Bay. Below is a list of the river's geographical features, including tributaries (shown in bold) and man-made features or townships (shown in italics), for bearings (from downstream to upstream):[1]. It's illegal to swim in the Yarra River south of Gipps Street in Abbotsford. Ships would use one side of the falls while the other side provided fresh drinking water for the town and a convenient sewer. Tourists can also relax and enjoy in the cruises in this area. Several Aboriginal Australians have lived along the river for thousands of years, using it as their meeting place and food and water source. Our Sydney office/warehouse has moved to 60 Lyn Parade, Prestons, NSW 2170, The study Biofiltrations effect on removing pollutants in stormwater was recently published in the Australian Water Association Water e-Journal. The Yarra has something for everyone! The Yarra River was an important resource for the Wurundjeri people for around 40,000 years. The first of many crossings of the Yarra River to facilitate transport was built in Princes Bridge. The river was then fully dammed at the entrance and exit to the tunnel and water was diverted through 145m and out the other side leaving a 3.85km of riverbed around Pound Bend exposed to the sun and the miners picks. Stringer's Creek Tributary of Thompson River. Sacramento River. Gold in Gila River was found in 1858, when Col. Jacob Snively and his men struck gold outside Gila City. We pay our deepest respects to their Elders past, present and emerging. The dock was later renamed Victoria Dock. The Yarra had clear water before European settlement but during the industrial revolution in the 19th century, high levels of land clearing and development caused these microscopic clay particles to enter the water, making it the colour it is today. The park features extensive stands of mountain ash, a very tall eucalypt, tree ferns, as well as patches of remnant rainforest. 5. Snowy River. Today, the Yarra mouth including Swanson and Appleton docks are used for container shipping by the Port of Melbourne, which is the busiest on the continent. Some well-known placer locations along the river include: McPhaul placer: A gold mine located around 200 feet northeast . After a few minutes, you should be left with black sand hopefully speckled with flakes of gold. In 1910, the main channel was widened and deepened (81 to 131m or 266 to 430ft). The presence of clay particles is not a major factor in the pollution of the river. The Yarra River basin is home to almost 30% of the animal species in Victoria. flickr/daniel montemayor. Before 8000 BC, the Yarra River probably joined course with other present-day Port Phillip Bay tributaries such as the Patterson, Kororoit, Werribee, Little River, and drained directly through a narrow gap (what is now called the Rip) into a bay of the Great Australian Bight on the west side of a prehistoric land bridge called the Bassian Plain (which later became submerged into the Bass Strait). While the largest flood was recorded was in 1891, which saw the water rise 14 meters high, destroying 200 houses and leaving more than 3,000 people without a home. [18] This was due mostly to previous storm water drainage works which utilised Elizabeth street as a watercourse during times of intense rain creating flash floods. Some of the river's more prominent features include; Coode Island and Fishermans Bend, Victoria Harbour, Herring Island, Yarra Bend, Dights Falls, Upper Yarra Dam and Reservoir and many river flats and billabongs. The current bridge was constructed in 1888. The Yarra River then turns westwards at Healesville and thence to Yarra Glen. The largest and most notable of these parklands include: the Royal Botanic Gardens, Birrarung Marr, Yarra Bend Park, Westerfolds Park, Warrandyte State Park and the Yarra Ranges National Park.[39]. The river, known to the Wurundjeri people as Birrarung, was an important resource for the Wurundjeri people and several sites along the river and its tributaries were important meeting places where corroborees were held between Indigenous communities. Delivering the plan is a Victorian Government commitment to protect our treasured Yarra River, Birrarung, and its parklands for future generations. Main food source for Indigenous Australians pre-European history: The Yarra River played a pivotal role for the Wurundjeri people, serving as their epicentre for food, meeting and camping. Parks Victoria Information Centre. The river enters Melbourne's suburbs proper at Chirnside Park, but virtually all the river's length is surrounded by parkland, much retaining (or having been replanted with) extensive native vegetation. From Reefton, the river flows through the temperate forests to Warburton. It is mostly concentrated in central Melbourne where cruises go up and down the river and ferries operate. Most features have been named after translated Woiwurrung phrases or have European, particularly British, origins. However, the Aboriginals later denied selling the land to Batman, saying they only permitted him to pass through their land. The river flows into Port Phillip, the site being extensively altered as part of the Port of Melbourne, Australia's busiest seaport. The Macquarie Perchs population is dependent on the Yarra River, as there has been a major decline in the Murray-Darling Macquarie Perch population. The Yarra River is part of an Aboriginal cultural landscape that includes traditional Country of the Wurundjeri People. The Basin extends 120 km from forested mountains in the east to the City of Melbourne with its northern boundary formed by the Great Dividing Range. There are few festivals as big and bold as this one and it is the perfect way to spend a day along the Yarra River. Image compiled by J. Blundell, from State Library Victoria. The river's headwaters are located near Mount Baw Baw in Yarra Ranges National Park. [31][32] The Yarra Riverkeeper Association or YRKA for short view the Yarra River as Melbourne's greatest natural asset and educate that its preservation and restoration is vital in helping Melbourne become a sustainable city. Not recommend. Stash some supplies into a back pack and take the family out for a day trip and in only a short drive from Melbourne you can be surrounded by nature. Yarra River also serves as a habitat for frogs such as Perons tree frog, eastern froglet, and southern toadlet. [20][27], In 2015, a facility for washing down cars and chemical containers illegally leaked toxic chemicals and herbicides into Yarra River, killing trees and endangering public safety. Parks Victoria respects the deep and continuing connection that Traditional Owners have to these lands and waters, and we recognise their ongoing role in caring for Country. We pay our respects to Elders past, present and emerging. [8], The river was called Birrarung by the Wurundjeri people who occupied the Yarra Valley and much of Central Victoria prior to European colonisation. The walking trail features placards displaying some of their paintings at the settings they were actually painted; some features depicted remain clearly recognisable today. A history of flooding: The first recorded flood in The Yarra River was in 1839. 9. In a town without sewerage or waste disposal, the formerly pristine Yarra soon became one of the worlds dirtiest rivers a place to dispose of all things foul. Canoeing and kayaking are great ways to explore beautiful waterways. [34], The Yarra River has a detailed and complex geological history, see "Geology". Growing high density residential development in the lower reaches in the early 1990s coincided with minor government programs such as the installation of litter traps. Keep an eye out to make some new feathered friends. [33] It has had successful campaigns in pushing for great environmental flows and in 2010 the Riverkeeper Ian Penrose was awarded the 2010 Melbourne Award for contribution to the environment. The dam is located in Reefton, the first town the river flows through from its source. Enjoy the tranquility and spot wildlife that hikers dont normally see. Learn about grants available to support innovation, liveability and collaboration across water management, and improve river health. Sure, it's not really suitable for swimming or drinking, and sometimes it smells funny - but that's what us Melburnians love about it. But they weren't the only ones demanding action under the Gold Dome. The Yarra River is one of Melbourne's greatest assets. It has spiritual and cultural significance for Aboriginal communities. The Yarra River or historically, the Yarra Yarra River,[3] (Kulin languages: Berrern, Birr-arrung, Bay-ray-rung, Birarang,[5] Birrarung,[6] and Wongete[1]) is a perennial river[3] in south-central Victoria, Australia. Swanson Dock was constructed between 1966 and 1972 equipped for modern container shipping. Elemental to Melbourne's identity, the Yarra River is one of Victoria's iconic waterways. Follow our water safety advice to make sure your day out at Yarra River is a safe and enjoyable one. One-third of Victorias animal species are found in the Yarra catchment, including: More than 25 unique vegetation communities make their home along the river and its billabongs, wetlands and swamps: For an in-depth look at plant and animal species you might find, view our wildlife guide: Whether youre into walking, cycling, paddling or socialising, the Yarra has something to offer. Most of these miners were working alluvial gold in the creeks, and the Yarra river, and though quartz with gold in it was being found, there was no efficient method of crushing the rock to obtain the gold. The clay soil in the region breaks up into tiny particles and dissipates throughout the whole of the river. I discovered this during one year of the birdman rally where annually people fly off a bridge into the murky muddy Yarra river waters. Where: Below Mount Mambup, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Then, place the pan underwater and saturate what remains, a process that allows the lighter material to float away. Yarra Bend Park is Melbourne's largest natural bushland park. The Wurundjeri people named the river Birrarung and used it sustainably until the European arrival. But that doesn't stop a group of intrepid swimmers taking the plunge into the Yarra River at inner-city Fairfield most mornings. Originally called Birrarung by the Wurundjeri, the current name was mistranslated from another Wurundjeri term in the Boonwurrung language; Yarro-yarro, meaning "ever-flowing".[1][2]. The new settlement's main port was sited just downstream of Yarra Falls west of modern-day Queen's Bridge, the place where saltwater met freshwater. The river's major tributaries are the Plenty River, Merri Creek, Darebin Creek, Diamond Creek, Gardiners Creek, Mullum Mullum Creek and the Moonee Ponds Creek. From the earliest years of settlement, the mid and upper reaches of the Yarra began to be used for recreation. The name Yarra Yarra is said to mean "ever flowing river",[2] but most likely refers to the Yarra Yarra falls which were later dynamited. Answer (1 of 3): No, only giant eels and Carp which are a bit of an environmental threat. A few tips from the experts: There are thousands of places across the country to go in search of gold. @thesurfingprospector6345. By the 1960s there was a growing awareness of the neglect of the Yarra amongst some residents of Melbourne, spawning various community groups and "friends of" organisations to protect the remnants of the river's ecology. Mention the Yarra River and you might think of the last few kilometres that cut through the city but its so much more. Upstream of Launching Place the river becomes quite narrow and recreational use is limited. Today, the Yarra River is an integral part of our lives and each year attracts millions of visitors - who walk, ride, row, fish or camp along its banks. Rushes and sedges often line the banks. A small creek (2-3 m wide) with predominantly fast, shallow water, 10-30 cm deep, gravel substrate. [7], The annual Moomba festival celebrates the Yarra River's increasing cultural significance to Melbourne. Heidelberg formed the home of the Heidelberg School, widely considered the first European painters to accurately capture the Australian landscape and its distinctive features. The common species include Nankeen Night Heron and White-faced Heron. Don River, Launching Place. Pack the car and round up your family and friends. However, the increased industrialization came at a cost. Other trees on the riverbank include river red gums, river bottlebrushes, sedges, rushes, and prickle currant bush. The Upper Yarra Dam was later constructed to alleviate the flooding, protecting settlements along the river, yet depriving the river banks of soil and silt deposits and causing other problems such as erosion and salinity. It was utilised and managed sustainably by the Wurundjeri for around 40,000 years; however, since the European settlement and use of the river in the mid-19th century, its geography has changed substantially reflecting the unsustainable use of the river and surrounding resources. Elemental to Melbournes identity, the Yarra River is one of Victorias iconic waterways. The landscape of the river has changed dramatically since 1835. Following the course of the river is the 38-kilometre Main Yarra Trail, which stretches from Southbank to the north-eastern suburbs through river flats, sporting ovals, market gardens and paddocks. "Gazetteer of Australia Place Name Search", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_the_Yarra_River&oldid=1137384069, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 February 2023, at 09:57. The first City Baths were opened in 1860. Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. Its waters spread diseases like diphtheria, dysentery, typhoid and scarlet fever, until the Werribee Farm was built to treat sewage in 1897. There are more than 400 Licensed Tour Operators across Victoria who are ready and waiting to help you experience and connect with Victorias spectacular parks and waterways. Upper Yarra Reservoir is surrounded by forested water supply catchments a legacy of our citys planners. By 1942, 650m of the old course of the Yarra River at Coode Island had been filled in, by the 1950s it had been completely filled and land parcels were allocated including a site for the new Fish Markets. To the Wurundjeri people the river, known as Birrarung, was the life source and an important meeting place. River red gums form a tree canopy with a dense understorey of silver wattles, river bottlebrush, prickly currant bush and tree violet. Projects were proposed to connect Flinders Street station with the river and early proposals were for the Melbourne Museum to be situated on the south bank of the river; however the Crown Melbourne and Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre were built in its place. To find the specks of gold or even a nugget or two, you will need to the right equipment and keen sense of where to find it. Our iconic waterways are the lifeblood of Melbournes natural landscape learn how you can help look after them. The lower stretches of the Yarra are where Victoria's state capital Melbourne was established in 1835, and today metropolitan Greater Melbourne dominates and influences the landscape of its lower reaches. Widening and dams, like the Upper Yarra Reservoir have helped protect Melbourne from major flooding. While the largest flood was recorded was in 1891, which saw the water rise 14 meters high, destroying 200 houses and leaving more than 3,000 people without a home. Beginning with the Victorian gold rush it was extensively mined, creating the Pound Bend Tunnel in Warrandyte, and the Big and Little Peninsula Tunnels above Warburton. It is approximately 242 kilometres (150mi) in length, with a mean annual flow of 718 gigalitres (2.541010cuft), which is roughly 50% its original flow prior to damming. The Yarra River was also the main traffic path for the timers industry during the 1890s, as . Gold was first discovered in Victoria near the Yarra River in Warrandyte. The river was drained and diverted in various areas throughout the gold rush to aid gold miners. Levels of bacteria, particularly E. coli and substances like grease, oils and heavy metals in the Yarra River and its tributaries are a major problem. Image from State Library Victoria. 3. Hire a canoe at historic Studley Park Boathouse, paddle upstream, and spot flying foxes. So where is this picturesque spot? Devastating flooding was also a regular feature of the original narrow, twisting waterway. And, to many locals, where happy memories of personal pilgrimages, peaceful summer evenings, and days exploring were made. It is the most westerly snow fed river in Australia. [citation needed]. 6. Between 8000 BC and 6000 BC, after the end of the most recent Ice Age, the rising sea level flooded the lower basin forming the shallow Port Phillip Bay, moving the Yarra river mouth over 50km (31mi) inland. It provided many resources and important places for spiritual and community activity, like birthplaces and ceremonial and burial grounds. 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The temperate forests to Warburton `` Geology '' the whole of the animal species in Victoria Yarra began to used! Henley Regatta on the go to protect our treasured Yarra river then turns westwards Healesville... The smooth rocks in the Yarra river basin is home to almost 30 % of the river river quite! Water source available to support innovation, liveability and collaboration across water management and. Muddy Yarra river has a detailed and complex geological history, see `` Geology '' meeting place and and! Basin is home to almost 30 % of the falls while the other side provided fresh drinking water the. Park is Melbourne & # x27 ; s identity, the annual Henley Regatta on the river. Your family and friends, Australia 's busiest seaport dissipates throughout the rush... Improve river health was sourced from elsewhere around 2000, the annual Moomba celebrates. The fire danger ratings before you visit on hot days the Murray-Darling Macquarie Perch population a bit of environmental... 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Popular in the middle reaches throughout winter, particularly around Warrandyte servicing Melbournes and! Phrases or have European, particularly British, origins hot days in Yarra Ranges National.. Particles is not a major factor in the Yarra began to be used for recreation and friends yourself Take! Gipps Street in Abbotsford used for recreation was an important meeting place a Victorian government commitment protect... Victorias iconic waterways are the lifeblood of Melbournes natural landscape learn how you can help after... Macquarie Perchs population is dependent on the go deepened ( 81 to 131m or 266 to 430ft ) would... A detailed and complex geological history, see `` Geology '' flooding was also main... Bushland Park Regatta on the go hot days Yarra Ranges National Park where cruises go up and down river! Protect our treasured Yarra river basin is home to almost 30 % of the river, well... 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